Covers the fields of classical and new economic sociology. Introduces the classical theoretical perspectives of Adam Smith, Max Weber and Karl Polanyi as well as recent conceptual debates about the character of markets, the informal economy, ethnic economies and networks.

What are the historical roots of tensions between Islam and the ?West?? What roles do (economic) modernization and colonialism play in these relations? Is there a contemporary ?clash of civilizations? between Islam and the West? And, what is Türkiye?s place in these relations? This course will synthesize relevant theories and research in historical sociology, sociology of religion, social stratification, and political sociology in order to help students answer these questions.

Analyzes the effects of warfare on European social and political structures from the Napoleonic era to the fall of the Soviet Union. Special emphasis will be placed on World War I and World War II.

Compares and contrasts Russian and Ottoman Empires, Russian and Turkish revolutions and contemporary modernization processes. Examines social and economic policies in both countries as well as diplomatic relations.

Provides students with a background in the historical roots of gender inequalities in the society, the economic and ideological factors that contributed to the emergence of contemporary forms of gender inequalities. Establishes the micro and macro processes that contribute to the perpetuation of gender inequalities. Surveys, evaluates and compares macro level policies and micro level interventions that have targeted remediation of gender inequalities.